Prostatitis is inflammation of the prostate gland, in men. There are four types of prostatitis.
• Acute bacterial prostatitis
• Chronic bacterial prostatitis
• Chronic pelvic pain syndrome
• Asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis
Acute bacterial prostatitis: This is caused by bacteria which causes bladder infection. These include E. coli, Klebsiella, and Proteus. It may be acquired as a sexually transmitted disease, infection can spread through the blood stream to prostate glands.
Symptoms:
• Fever and chills
• Pain in the lower back and genital area
• Urinary frequency and urgency, often at night
• Burning or painful urination
• Body aches
Chronic bacterial prostatitis: It is relatively uncommon; it does not show any symptoms. It occurs due to chronic bacterial infection of the prostate gland.
Chronic pelvic pain syndrome: The exact cause of chronic pelvic pain syndrome is not identified. It may be found in men of any age. Chronic pelvic pain syndrome is a condition associated with recurrent pelvic, testicle, or rectal pain without evidence of bladder infection. Symptoms are painful urination or ejaculation, and erectile dysfunction.
Asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis: Patient does not complain of pain or discomfort but has infection-fighting cells in his prostate fluid and semen.
Diagnosis:
Diagnosis is made on collection of complete physical history by the physician. Urinalysis test is required to identify the type of prostatitis. Some of the imaging studies are needed like x-ray, ultrasonogram and CT scan.
Bacterial forms of prostatitis diagnosed by urine culture test.
To identify the prostate infection, two urine samples are required before and after prostate massage. The doctor will perform a prostate massage, the doctor will insert lubricated finger into the rectum and stroke the prostate to release fluids from the gland. If after prostate massage urine sample contains bacteria that were not present in the premassage urine sample suggests the prostate contains infection.
To diagnose chronic pelvic pain syndrome first all other possible causes of urinary symptoms, such as kidney stones, bladder disorders, and infections need to be ruled out, then based on blood and imaging tests, including ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), biopsy, blood tests, and tests of bladder function should be done.
Treatment:
The bacterial forms of prostatitis are treated with antimicrobials. Acute prostatitis may require a short term hospitalization treated with intravenous antimicrobials and fluids. After the initial therapy, the patient needs to take antimicrobials for 2 to 4 weeks.
Chronic bacterial prostatitis needs a long course of therapy. Patient must be treated with low dose of antimicrobials for 6 months to prevent recurrent infection. If a patient has trouble emptying his bladder, physician may recommend medicine or surgery to correct blockage.
In case of nonbacterial prostatitis antimicrobials will not help. Warm bath and changing diet pattern will help to treat. The doctor may prescribe a medicine called an alpha blocker to relax the muscle tissue in the prostate. No treatment is needed for asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis.
• Acute bacterial prostatitis
• Chronic bacterial prostatitis
• Chronic pelvic pain syndrome
• Asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis
Acute bacterial prostatitis: This is caused by bacteria which causes bladder infection. These include E. coli, Klebsiella, and Proteus. It may be acquired as a sexually transmitted disease, infection can spread through the blood stream to prostate glands.
Symptoms:
• Fever and chills
• Pain in the lower back and genital area
• Urinary frequency and urgency, often at night
• Burning or painful urination
• Body aches
Chronic bacterial prostatitis: It is relatively uncommon; it does not show any symptoms. It occurs due to chronic bacterial infection of the prostate gland.
Chronic pelvic pain syndrome: The exact cause of chronic pelvic pain syndrome is not identified. It may be found in men of any age. Chronic pelvic pain syndrome is a condition associated with recurrent pelvic, testicle, or rectal pain without evidence of bladder infection. Symptoms are painful urination or ejaculation, and erectile dysfunction.
Asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis: Patient does not complain of pain or discomfort but has infection-fighting cells in his prostate fluid and semen.
Diagnosis:
Diagnosis is made on collection of complete physical history by the physician. Urinalysis test is required to identify the type of prostatitis. Some of the imaging studies are needed like x-ray, ultrasonogram and CT scan.
Bacterial forms of prostatitis diagnosed by urine culture test.
To identify the prostate infection, two urine samples are required before and after prostate massage. The doctor will perform a prostate massage, the doctor will insert lubricated finger into the rectum and stroke the prostate to release fluids from the gland. If after prostate massage urine sample contains bacteria that were not present in the premassage urine sample suggests the prostate contains infection.
To diagnose chronic pelvic pain syndrome first all other possible causes of urinary symptoms, such as kidney stones, bladder disorders, and infections need to be ruled out, then based on blood and imaging tests, including ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), biopsy, blood tests, and tests of bladder function should be done.
Treatment:
The bacterial forms of prostatitis are treated with antimicrobials. Acute prostatitis may require a short term hospitalization treated with intravenous antimicrobials and fluids. After the initial therapy, the patient needs to take antimicrobials for 2 to 4 weeks.
Chronic bacterial prostatitis needs a long course of therapy. Patient must be treated with low dose of antimicrobials for 6 months to prevent recurrent infection. If a patient has trouble emptying his bladder, physician may recommend medicine or surgery to correct blockage.
In case of nonbacterial prostatitis antimicrobials will not help. Warm bath and changing diet pattern will help to treat. The doctor may prescribe a medicine called an alpha blocker to relax the muscle tissue in the prostate. No treatment is needed for asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis.
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